Abstract

Publisher Summary Neuroendocrinology is concerned with the way cells communicate with one another. The four recognized means of intercellular communication are: (1) gap junctions (direct transfer), (2) synaptic junctions (neural communication), (3) circulating body fluids (endocrine communication), and (4) interstitial fluid (paracrine communication). Gap junctions permit movement of molecules from one cell to another without entering the extracellular fluid. Communication mediated by extracellular chemical messengers occurs by way of synapses, circulating body fluids, and the interstitial fluid. It was believed that neural and endocrine communications were different, and that they were mediated by different types of chemical compounds. Many different chemical messengers serve multiple functions. This includes peptides and catecholamines. The same substance can be secreted in one location as a nerve transmitter mediating synaptic communication, in another location as a neural hormone produced by neurons, and in a third location as a typical endocrine product secreted by gland cells.

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