Abstract
This chapter reviews the physical-chemical principles governing alkali-activation processes in both high- and low-CaO aluminosilicate materials. It addresses factors such as starting material composition, reaction mechanisms, and the nature, composition and structure of the reaction products. Models describing the microstructure of the materials and the nanostructure of the gels formed are included for readier comprehension of these processes. An effort is likewise made to explain how the gels that may form in these systems (C-A-S-H-, N-A-S-H-, (N,C)-A-S-H-, and C(N)-A-S-H-type gels) vary with the composition of the starting materials, the pH and type of activator used, and reaction time.
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