Abstract
The toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small operon systems that are involved in important physiological processes in bacteria such as stress response and persister cell formation. E. coli HigBA complex belongs to the type II TA systems and consists of a protein toxin called HigB and a protein antitoxin called HigA. The toxin HigB is a ribosome-dependent endoribonuclease that cleaves the translating mRNAs at the ribosome A site. The antitoxin HigA directly binds the toxin HigB, rendering the HigBA complex catalytically inactive.
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