1970년대 용인의 도시 성장과 공간구조 변화

Abstract

This article examines the urban growth of Yongin in the 1970s and the resulting changes in the spatial structure of the region. Yongin, a quiet rural area near Seoul, was converted into an urban space due to the construction of expressways. After the opening of the Seoul-Singal section of the Gyeongbu Expressway in 1968, Giheung-myeon(township), the western region of Yongin, was incorporated into the urban planning area of Suwon, which was geographically adjacent to it. Since then, the spatial structure of Giheung-myeon had been planned in connection with the Suwon City Plans. Following the conversion of the urban planning policy of the ROK government in 1974, the eastern part of the Gyeongbu Expressway was excluded from the Suwon urban planning area, however, it was able to establish Singal's own urban planning according to the “Guidelines for Urban Planning for Myeon-class Cities.” Since then, the Singal area had maintained the framework of urban planning designed in 1975 and reorganized urban spaces in line with the reality that industries in the region are growing. In the southern part of Giheung-myeon, tourist and residential areas were created near the expressway and Singal Reservoir. With the construction of the Giheung Housings and the Korean Folk Village, the southern Giheung became a representative tourist destination near Seoul. However, the area was easy to be a target for urban sprawl after then, because it was not included in either the Suwon urban planning zone or the Singal planning zone.
 The Yongin-myeon area, at which the Yongin-gun(county) office was located and a city was previously formed, had undergone a transition to an industrial city since the opening of the Yeongdong Expressway in 1971. Yongin-gun designated industrial areas near the Yeongdong Expressway through urban planning, moved and relocated factories to the areas, and secured residential areas to create housing sites for factory workers. Since the establishment of the Reorganization Plan in 1974, the Yongin-myeon urban planning had maintained the structure of strengthening industrial functions and reorganizing urban areas to support them. Due to such urban growth, Yongin-myeon was able to form a single living sphere as a self-sufficient city, but it did not form a single urban area covering the Giheung region. The current disconnection and conflict between the eastern and western Yongin is also a result of such urban growth in the 1970s.