臺灣傳統音樂在學校教育制度中之發展(1949-2008)

Abstract

The education system includes educational organizations of all classes and varieties set up according to the stipulation of the constitution or the law. Step by step, the Ministry of Education set up and completed Taiwan's current full school system based on the ”New School System” (Ren-she School System, 1922). The system consists of four stages: kindergarten education, civil education (elementary school and junior high school), senior high school and tertiary education. Music education can be roughly classified into three kinds: general music education, professional music education and social music promotion education. This paper looks in detail at the first two. General music education includes general music education at elementary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools, vocational high schools, colleges and universities. Music-related activities of students' organizations in these schools are also included. Professional music education includes special music provision for the musically gifted students at elementary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools, vocational high schools and advanced music education in the department of music at colleges and universities. ”The curriculum standard” is the rules for designing courses, which consist of the overall objectives, teaching hours, course materials and the delivery methods for different levels of schools set by the Ministry of Education to ensure the schools' educational goals. It can be used as the basis for schools to design, select and edit their course materials and to implement the courses. The curriculum standard of Taiwan has been revised many times since the Nationalist government moved to Taiwan. From the revisions, one can understand the development of Taiwan's traditional music in its educational system. The article will describe the development of Taiwan's traditional music in its educational system after the Nationalist government moved to Taiwan. Aspects covered include the ”general music education” and ”professional music education” in the three levels of education: elementary, junior/senior high school education and tertiary education; the revisions, characteristics and contents of the ”curriculum standard” and ”course principles” that are related to ”traditional music”; the establishment of music-related departments or colleges, their curricula; the founding of music-related student organizations in schools; the sources of teachers, the professional cultivation of teachers and the results.