Abstract
This chapter introduces metals and alloys used for soft and hard magnets. Alloy development illustrates the materials vparadigm of synthesis→structure→properties→performance relationships. Development is motivated by intrinsic materials properties, such as saturation induction and Curie temperature. Advancement of alloys for applications involves optimizing extrinsic properties, such as remanent induction and coercivity by processing to achieve suitable microstructures. Magnetic hysteresis is useful in permanent magnets where we wish to store a large metastable magnetization. For soft magnets, small hysteresis losses per cycle are desirable. Metals and alloys for soft and hard magnetic materials now are ubiquitous in many magnetic applications in bulk, powder, nanocrystal and thin film forms.
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