Abstract
This chapter discusses the various fixed film technologies for wastewater treatment. The fixed film processes are based on the capacity of different microorganisms to grow on surfaces. There are certain conditions that are important for the sloughing off to occur and are used technologically to control the biofilm. The hydraulic erosion acts continually on the surface of the biofilm and leads to a steady sloughing off on the outer side. The degradation of bacteria in the endogenous phase at the bottom of the biofilm may cause a weakening of the adhesion. Gas formation within the biofilm may destroy the adhesion. Development of a bacterial biofilm for substrate degradation is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by factors such as wastewater characteristics (nature of substrate, nutrients ratio and environmental conditions), operational factors (inoculation, organic loading rate, hydrodynamics), and the support medium. The various fixed film techniques include the trickling filter (TF), the rotating biological contactors (RBC), the biological aerated filters (BAF), and the suspended growth processes such as the activated sludge.
Published Version
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