Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Through a single-institution sport-related concussion (SRC) registry, we sought to: (1) provide a descriptive analysis of mechanisms of SRC in American football, basketball, and soccer and (2) determine if mechanism of injury was associated with symptom duration. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted through in-depth patient interviews. Complete data were collected for 295 patients. Mechanisms were stratified into 3 components: a contact mechanism, a player mechanism, and an mechanism. For each sport, each mechanism was compared via 1-way χ analyses. Symptom duration data were represented with Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the relationship between the exposure (concussion mechanism) to the time variable outcome (days of symptom duration). RESULTS: The majority of athletes were male (70%) with an average age of 15.9 (±2.0) years. Football was the most represented sport (51%). The most common contact mechanisms were helmet-to-helmet contact in football (74%), ground/equipment in basketball (40%), and player to head in soccer (33%). Helmet-to-helmet contact was significantly overrepresented in football (χ = 69.267, df = 2, P CONCLUSION: The current study analyzed mechanisms of SRC via a regional sports concussion outcomes registry. In middle school, high school, and collegiate athletes: (1) a helmet-to-helmet collision was most common football mechanism; (2) ground and surrounding equipment and player elbows predominated in basketball; (3) challenging a player and heading were the most common mechanisms of SRC in soccer; and (4) awareness of an oncoming collision in soccer was the only mechanism associated with a decreased the risk of prolonged symptom recovery. Language: en
Published Version
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