Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant intravesical doxorubicin in superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder on long-term follow-up. Between July 1986 and November 1991, all patients harboring superficial bladder cancers (Ta or T1) with one or more of these criteria (stage>a, grade>1, size>1 cm, multiple or recurrent tumors) were randomized to receive either 50 mg doxorubicin or no adjuvant therapy. Patients with recurrences were allowed to receive doxorubicin or other intravesical agents. Recurrence, progression and survival were analyzed. There were 82 patients included (64 males and 18 females). The mean age was 64 years. Forty-six patients were randomized to the doxorubicin group and 36 to the control group. Final analysis was made at median follow-up of 45, 128 and 131.5 months for recurrence, progression and survival, respectively. Recurrence free, progression free and disease specific survival did not differ significantly between groups. The 10-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for recurrence free, progression free and disease specific survival were 67%, 84% and 92%, respectively for the doxorubicin group, and were 50%, 89% and 97%, respectively for the control group. Tumor size predicted recurrence (p=0.013) and grade predicted progression (p=0.004) with multivariate analysis. Adjuvant intravesical doxorubicin could not be shown to improve recurrence, progression and survival of superficial bladder cancer, compared with control on long-term follow-up. Tumor size and grade were shown to be prognostic factors for recurrence and progression, respectively.
Highlights
Forty-six patients were randomized to the doxorubicin group and 36 to the control group
The usefulness of intravesical doxorubicin in decreasing the likelihood of recurrence in superficial bladder cancer had been shown in several studies [13]
Fortysix belonged to the doxorubicin group and 36 were in the control group
Summary
The usefulness of intravesical doxorubicin in decreasing the likelihood of recurrence in superficial bladder cancer had been shown in several studies [13]. Occasional studies reported improved progression rate [4,5]. The current report explores its efficacy in the long run and identifies those prognostic factors that influence recurrence and progression on long-term follow-up. The role of intravesical doxorubicin in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer is discussed
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