Abstract
In this work, we present a brief review of underground fires, which are generally characterized by slow, heterogeneous combustion (or smoldering) of porous combustible materials. Due to low temperatures and small propagation velocities of the smoldering processes, underground fires are difficult to detect, especially in their initial stages. Furthermore, the estimation of the extent of the detected underground fires is problematic as well. Very few diagnostic techniques provide adequate information on these fires. Underground fires are also extremely difficult to extinguish. Such fires can last for a very long period of time, posing a serious safety threat and having substantial adverse environmental and economic consequences. Current technologies used in controlling and extinguishment of underground fires either are costly or usually do not result in satisfactory outcomes. We also discuss the technologies developed over the years in underground coal gasification and possibilities to utilize these technologies for controlling underground fires and decreasing their harmful impact.
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