163 Effect of Enogen Feed Corn Inclusion in Conventional and Natural Finishing Cattle Diets

Abstract

Abstract A finishing experiment was conducted to determine the effects of Enogen Feed Corn inclusion in comparison with a control corn hybrid within natural and conventional feeding programs on finishing performance. The experiment used 400 crossbred steers (initial BW = 384 ± 33 kg) and 200 crossbred heifers (initial BW = 330 ± 19 kg) in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 10 replications of steers and 5 replications of heifers per treatment. Factors were Enogen Feed Corn (EFC) or control corn hybrid inclusion as dry-rolled corn and corn silage within conventional and natural feeding programs. Cattle assigned to the conventional program were fed rations that contained feed additives and received implants whereas cattle in the natural program received neither. Performance data were analyzed as a 2×2×2 factorial assessing interactions between sex, feeding program, and corn hybrid inclusion. A sex by feeding program by corn hybrid (P = 0.01) interaction was observed for dry matter intake (DMI). Interactions between sex and feeding program were observed for carcass adjusted final BW (final BW; P < 0.01), average daily gain (ADG; P < 0.01), feed efficiency (G:F; P < 0.01), and hot carcass weight (HCW; P = 0.01). No significant corn hybrid by sex interactions (P ≥ 0.12) or corn hybrid by feeding program interactions (P ≥ 0.13) were observed. Inclusion of EFC in natural heifer diets tended to increase DMI by 0.4 kg/d (P = 0.10), while hybrid inclusion had no impact on DMI of conventional heifers. Feeding EFC in conventional steer diets tended to increase DMI by 0.4 kg/d (P = 0.06) compared with steers consuming the control corn hybrid diet. Corn hybrid had no impact on DMI in natural steer diets (P = 0.15). Carcass adjusted final BW decreased by 75 kg in natural steers and 41 kg in natural heifers compared with conventional programs (P < 0.01). Natural heifers gained 0.24 kg/d less than conventional heifers (P < 0.01). Feeding steers in the natural program reduced ADG by 0.43 kg/d in comparison with conventional program steers (P < 0.01). Compared with natural cattle, G:F improved by 13.0% when heifers were fed in a conventional program (P < 0.01) and 19.4% when steers were fed in a conventional program (P < 0.01). Feeding program had no effect on marbling (P = 0.38) while conventional cattle had greater 12th rib fat than natural cattle (P < 0.01). Inclusion of EFC had no effect on ADG (P = 0.71), G:F (P = 0.22), or HCW (P = 0.57). The incorporation of implants and feed additives within the finishing period increased final BW, HCW, and ADG leading to improved G:F in steers and heifers, with the improvement being greater in steers.