Abstract
Aim: WHO-coordinated CARDIAC (Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison) Study covering 61 populations in 25 countries demonstrated 24-hour urinary (24U) magnesium (Mg) excretion was inversely related with cardiometabolic disease risks such as obesity, hypertension, hypercholesteremia etc. As the second generation of CARDIAC Study, HEART (Healthy Eating Asians Remain Together) Study was carried out to investigate the relationship of 24U nutritional biomarkers with cardiometabolic risks in India. Methods: WHO-CARDIAC protocol was carried out for 180 males and females aged 30-59 (60 males and females from three age groups 30-39, 40–49 and 50–59) who were selected from the community list in Chidambaram, India. Participants were invited for health examination to check body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) by an automated BP measurement system (Omron HEM 907), 24U samples, fasting blood samples and questionnaires about dietary customs and medical history. Results: The average systolic and diastolic BP's were 133.2/84.3 in males and 133.7/76.8 in females, and the average BMI were 25.4 in males and 26.2 in females, higher than the average metabolic syndrome risks of CARDIAC Study populations. Participants were divided into hypertensives with BP ≥140/90 and normotensives. 24U biomarkers showed no significant differences in NaCl excretion and Na/K ratio, but Mg/creatinine ratios were significantly higher 112 mg/g in normotensive males and females than 68 and 67 in hypertensive males and females. Conclusion: Marked Mg intake reduction may be related to hypertension in Indian vegetarians whose Mg intakes are decreased because of their changes in dietary customs to eat polished grains commonly.
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