Abstract
Metal oxides are thermally stable and mechanically strong materials. They are chemically inert in air at high temperatures. Metal oxide nanofibers (MONFs) possess the good properties of oxides and take the advantages of the properties of nanostructured materials. These include high surface and interface areas, intensive phonon scattering, and strong quantum confinement, which open the door for exploring new thermoelectric materials with high energy conversion efficiency. The first part of this chapter provides an introduction to the thermoelectricity of oxides. In the second part of the chapter, emphasis is put on the processing techniques for thermoelectric MONFs. Electrospinning, chemical bath deposition, template-assisted approach, spray pyrolysis, microlithography and nanolithography, electrochemical oxidation, and glass annealing are discussed. Both continuous and discontinuous MONF processing techniques are presented. Continuous oxide NFs made by electrospinning followed by high-temperature reaction and treatment are described. In addition, oxide fibers are shown using chemical spray pyrolysis and nanolithography. Discontinuous oxide NFs [or nanowire (NW)/rods/cables/whiskers] made by the template-assisted liquid phase deposition, glass annealing, electrochemical oxidation, and chemical bath deposition are illustrated. The thermoelectric properties of various oxide NFs are dealt with as well. The third section of this chapter focuses on MONF thermoelectric device concepts and characterization methods. Recent developments in measuring the electrical and thermoelectric properties of oxide NFs are presented. Finally, perspectives to future research are provided.
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