Abstract
Conventional Raman spectroscopy has long been a popular technique for measuring the vibrational energy levels of molecules. The technique is based on the inelastic scattering that occurs when an incident photon interacts with a molecule. Over the past two decades, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as an important analytical technique for the characterization of metal-organic interactions and interfaces. This chapter describes the history and theory of SERS and details recent developments in its use toward gaining a fundamental understanding of metal/molecule interactions. We also briefly summarize several examples of practical applications of SERS, including the detection of explosives and small bioanalytes, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and proteins. Finally, we review the progress that has been made toward the incorporation of SERS into optoelectronic devices, especially in the area of active and passive control of SERS signals, including the modulation of SERS polarization and intensity and the implementation of electrochemical SERS.
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