Abstract
Nanomaterials have tremendous potential in medicine, agriculture, bioremediation, food industry, lab on chip, etc. Biomedical applications of nanomaterials are immense. The characteristics of nanomaterials can be engineered to be suitable for specific application. Wide variety of nanomaterials is in preclinical and clinical studies. Associated with the fastest development of nanomaterials, there is an increasing concern over the possible negative effects of nanomaterials on the living organisms. This review discusses the application of nanomaterials in biomedical field and the toxic effect of nanomaterials on in vitro and in vivo system. The effect of nanomaterials is discussed with respect to reproductive and developmental toxicity in Zebra fish and other animal models. Further, the physicochemical characteristics of a nanomaterial that influences the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of nanomaterials are elaborated. Understanding the principle behind toxicity will assist in the preparation of materials with less toxicity.
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