Abstract
Acute injury and degradation of joint function can limit the performance of horses. To evaluate the ability of a combination of nutraceuticals to impact joint health, an in vitro trial was designed utilizing cartilage (CART) and synovium (SYN) explants harvested aseptically from the carpal joint of 2 horses euthanized for unrelated reasons. CART and SYN explants (n = 3/horse/group) were created using a 6 mm dermal biopsy punch and cocultured in appropriate media with the CART explant in the well and the SYN explant in a trans well insert with a membrane allowing for the flow of media between the insert and the well. Tissues were randomly assigned to one of 5 culture groups: 1) Negative control; 2) Positive control (10ng/ml recombinant equine (re)IL-1β); 3) Low (10ng/ml reIL-1β, 0.2 ng/mL green tea (GT), 100 ng/mL hydrolyzed collagen (HC), 25 ng/mL cranberry powder (CP)); 4) Mid (10ng/ml reIL-1β, 2 ng/mL GT, 1 µg/mL HC, 250 ng/mL CP); or 5) High (10ng/ml reIL-1β, 20 ng/mL GT, 10 µg/mL HC, 2.5 µg/mL CP). Dosages were determined via a previous study. Tissues were cultured for 21 d, and media collected on d 3, 9, 15, and 21. On d 21 viable chondrocyte density (VCD) was determined. Tissue digests were tested for proteoglycan and collagen content. Culture media was analyzed for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), prostaglandin e 2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), proteoglycan content, interleukin-6 and 8 (IL-6, 8), and growth-related oncogene (GRO). Data were analyzed utilizing a one-way ANOVA in SAS 9.4. Data are presented in the table below. There were no treatment differences for any parameter in any of the culture groups with the exception of the positive and negative control groups. Differences by time existed with increases in inflammation over time in the positive control group and no changes in the negative control group. Significant time x treatment interactions existed only in the positive control group. No combination of nutraceuticals was able to mitigate the inflammatory challenge. At the high level, the combination appeared to have cytotoxic effects. Taken together, these data shed light on the challenges associated with developing an efficacious joint supplement for horses.
Published Version
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