15 - Starch magnetic nanocomposites for gene delivery

Abstract

Gene therapy is an important and unique method to direct transfer of genetic material to the tissues or cells to cure inherited disorders and acquired diseases. It can be a promising therapy for numerous deadly diseases including viral infection and cancers. The successes of gene delivery systems depend open correct loading of desired gene on delivery vehicle and accurate targeting to the gene delivery systems. There are several limitations in the conventional methods of gene delivery system such as less potency, high side effects, and lack of target specificity. Presently, there are three main methods used gene delivery are (I) viral vectors using retroviruses and adenoviruses, (II) nucleic acid electroporation, and (III) nonviral vectors. Among these three methods, nonviral vectors for gene delivery using biocompatible magnetic nanocomposites are found safest and effective gene delivery system. In this method, magnetic nanoparticles are typically combined with a delivery platform to encapsulate the gene and promote cell uptake. Magnetic polymer nanocomposites are of particular interest because of excellent magnetic properties, stability, and good biocompatibility. Some of successful gene delivery systems using magnetic nanocomposites have recently been reported for the practical application. This chapter gives understanding of different method of gene delivery with emphasis of magnetic nanocomposites-based gene delivery. Magnetic nanocomposites exhibit diverse applications as in medical, energy, and environment.