Abstract
Many of the improvements in perinatal medicine and tools to tackle emerging challenges have come about as a result of carefully designed studies of interventions aimed at improving health. Evidence-based medicine is a style of practice that integrates individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research. Physicians and researchers reach sound decisions by learning to assess the quality of available medical evidence. In this chapter, we review the principles that serve as a basis for learning to interpret clinical research including clinical research study designs, measures of effect, sources of error in clinical research, screening and diagnosis, and cost-effectiveness analysis. This overview of study design and methods to analyze and report data in perinatal medicine can serve as a starting point to integrate research data appropriately into clinical care and health policy.
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