Abstract
Metal oxide nanomaterials are under serious consideration as next-generation antibiotics to deal with multi-drug-resistant pathogens because of their outstanding antimicrobial potential. The antimicrobial effects of various metal oxide nanoparticles (MO-NPs) have proven successful against a wide range of microbes over the past decade. However, knowledge regarding the exact antimicrobial mechanisms of action is still incomplete and demands further investigation. In this chapter, an effort has been made to compile antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral studies of various MO-NPs along with their possible mechanisms of action and potential applications. Safety issues related to the use of MO-NPs, their stability, and biocompatibility are also briefly discussed. In light of the existing literature, MO-NPs can be seen to offer promising behavior for their near-term use as antimicrobial agents.
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