Abstract
Polymeric nanocomposites (PNCs) combine, ideally in a synergic way, the properties of polymers and nanomaterials. These composites are attractive in analytical sample preparation due to their high sorption capacity, where both the polymer and nanoparticle (NP) play a role. The polymer usually provides the primary sorption domain, which can be boosted (increasing the surface area) or complemented (providing a secondary interaction) by the nanomaterial. Also, the nanomaterial can provide the composite with exceptional properties (e.g., magnetism) that can be useful in some extraction techniques. The large number of polymers and NPs available provides a wide range of potential nanocomposites that can be ad hoc prepared considering the analytical problem under study. This chapter provides a general overview of the potential of these nanocomposites in the sample preparation context, starting from the description of the general synthetic strategies and the properties of the resulting materials. It covers relevant PNCs (like magnetic ones) and their usefulness in different microextraction techniques. The chapter is complemented by other contributions in this book, where specific materials like polymers, ionic liquid, or metal-organic frameworks are described in detail.
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