Abstract
Chitosan, alkaline hydrolytic derivative of chitin, has good solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, antimicrobial activity, less crystallinity, and good adsorption capability. Recently, the application of chitin and its different derivatives in wastewater treatment has received considerable attention. Various modifications of this biopolymer have been investigated to improve the adsorption properties and mechanical/physical characteristics of chitosan. This review provides an overview of the recently published researches on the applications of chitosan and its derivatives in textile wastewater treatment. It includes the removal processes of either dyes and other toxic pollutants used as auxiliary agents, or salts of heavy metals used as mordants in dyeing process. The characteristics of chitosan composites with their adsorption capacity and the experimental conditions have been compiled. This review also summarizes and tries to compare the adsorption and kinetic models and the thermodynamic studies reported for biosorption of dyes and heavy metal ions onto chitosan and its derivatives.
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