Abstract
Introduction Preeclampsia is an expressive cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, studying it contributes to guide approach strategies. Objectives Compare epidemiological characteristics, maternal and neonatal outcomes between preeclampsia and normal pregnancies with spontaneous vaginal delivery after 38 weeks. Methods Retrospective study with 124 women, through medical records review, was developed in Guilherme Alvaro Hospital- Santos/Sao Paulo/Brazil (July/2015–May/2016). Study group: 71 women with preeclampsia according to NHBPEP- National High Blood Pressure Education Program (2000) criteria, with single and live fetus, regardless of gestational age. Control group: 53 pregnant women with single and live fetus, after 38 weeks of gestation, without comorbidities. Exclusion criteria for study group: twin pregnancy and fetal anomalies. Exclusion criteria for control group: twin pregnancy, gestational age 38 weeks, cesarean/forceps/induced vaginal delivery, fetal anomalies and presence of comorbidities. Maternal variables: age, gestational age at admission, previous pregnancy history, body mass index and length of hospital stay. Neonatal variables: weight and adequacy weight for gestational age, height, Apgar score, intensive care unit admission, length of hospital stay and respiratory and non-respiratory complications. The study was approved by Guilherme Alvaro Hospital’s ethics and research committee. Statistical comparisons for categorical variables were made using Fisher’s exact test, and t-Student test for numerical variables. Data analysis was performed by calculating odds ratio adoption hypothesis and the rejection level of 0,05. Results Comparions between preeclampsia group and control group in maternal and neonatal outcomes (* = p 0,05): Download : Download high-res image (187KB) Download : Download full-size image Conclusions Preeclampsia is more often associated with maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes if compared to the normal pregnancies. Women diagnosed with preeclampsia appear to be older, have higher body mass index and longer hospital stay. The results show that newborns from the study group present lower weight and smaller height at birth, longer hospital stay (including in intensive care unit) and acute respiratory distress syndrome development.
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