107 Associated factors to preeclampsia delivery at distinct gestational ages

Abstract

Introduction Clinical forms of early and late preeclampsia have different physiopathological mechanisms. Their influence in the most adverse outcomes is related with as earlier the delivery occurs. Objectives Compare maternal and neonatal outcomes of preeclampsia according to gestational age and identify some maternal characteristics related in each group. Methods Retrospective study with 71 women, through medical records review, was developed in Guilherme Alvaro Hospital-Santos/Sao Paulo/Brazil (July/2015-April/2016). This study involved pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia according to NHBPEP – National High Blood Pressure Education Program (2000), with single and live fetus, regardless of gestational age. Patients were divided into three groups according to delivery gestational age: 20 for early group ( 37 weeks). Exclusion criteria: twin pregnancy and fetal anomalies. Maternal variables: age, gestational age at admission, previous pregnancy history, length of hospital stay, body mass index (BMI), chronic hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Neonatal variables: weight, adequacy of weight for gestational age, height, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, Apgar score and respiratory and non-respiratory complications. The study was approved by Guilherme Alvaro Hospital’s ethics and research committee. Statistical comparisons for categorical variables were made using Fisher’s exact test, and Tukey multiple comparisons method for numerical variables. The significance level was p Results A comparison between the three groups of preeclampsia according to maternal and neonatal outcomes (∗ = p Conclusions Preeclampsia delivery before 34 weeks is more often associated with maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes if compared to deliveries after this gestational age. Patients from early preeclampsia group stay longer in hospital and they are usually non-diabetic. Their newborns present lower weight, smaller height, lower Apgar scores at birth, longer hospital stay (including in ICU) and acute respiratory distress syndrome development. There is a lack of significance in associating maternal age, BMI and chronic hypertension with maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes.