1.3 - Intraoperative Imaging and Postoperative Quality Control

Abstract

To date, 3-dimensional imaging is fundamental to adequately diagnose craniomaxillofacial trauma, particularly orbital trauma. However, not only preoperative 3D imaging is required but also tools for intra- and postoperative quality control are needed. In craniomaxillofacial trauma and reconstruction it is imperative to assess the quality of reduction and reconstruction, particularly in cases where implants have been inserted. In this context, intraoperative 3D imaging using C- and O-arms became recently popular and is therefore considered both a valid alternative and a line extension to intraoperative real-time navigation for intraoperative quality assessment. If neither intraoperative 3D imaging nor real-time navigation is available, postoperative 3D imaging should be performed.