Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are devastated each year by stroke, which leaves many of them with permanent disability and limited mobility for activities of daily living and societal participation, thus affecting quality of life. This chapter presents interventions for gait correction to improve mobility after stroke, with emphasis on implantable devices. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) systems using surface and implanted electrodes have been used for foot drop correction and are now commercially available. Multichannel surface FES systems addressing additional deficits at the hip and knee were effective for gait correction but impractical for daily use. Percutaneous multichannel FES systems also improved walking, and efforts are under way to evaluate fully implanted receiver stimulator and electrodes to correct multiple gait deficits normally exhibited by individuals with stroke.
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