Abstract
The water-gas shift (WGS) reaction is an equilibrium-limited reaction at higher temperatures, usually kinetically limited below 250 °C. This requires development of more active low-temperature catalysts and advanced reactor concepts to overcome limitations related to low CO conversions in the range 250–350 °C. This chapter reviews novel WGS catalysts and modern reactor concepts proposed during the last decade. The novel catalyst compositions include Cu-containing bulk mixed metal oxides, noble metals supported on mesoporous oxides and molybdenum carbides. The advantages of advanced WGS reactor concepts including monolithic reactors, microstructured reactors/heat-exchangers and membrane reactors are discussed. The effect of reaction conditions on the kinetics of low-temperature WGS reactions are presented for the main catalyst types.
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