甘油再利用產製三醋酸甘油酯或1,2-丙二醇之程序設計

Abstract

In recent years, mass production of biodiesel making the development of its byproduct glycerol utilization process more and more attention, and in which two kinds of this study was to investigate and use Aspen Plus to do the simulation work. One for the esterification of glycerol with acetic acid to produce triacetin, the second is glycerol react with hydrogen to produce 1,2-propanediol. Triacetin is used mainly as a plasticizer and a gelatinizing agent in polymers, explosives and as an additive in tobacco, pharmaceutical compounds, and cosmetics. In this study, reactive distillation is used as the main part of this process, and minimize the total annual cost(TAC) as the optimal design. Furthermore, the effect of azeotropic agents, like iso-butyl acetate and 1,2-dichloroethane are also discussed. The results show heterogeneous azeotropic reactive distillation process with usage of iso-butyl acetate as entrainer is the best case. Finally, the single-point temperature control will be used as control strategy. The second study is about the other glycerol utilization to produce 1,2-propanediol, which mainly used in the manufacture of polyester resin, as a nutritional additive, non-ionic detergents, liquid detergents, antifreeze, de-icing agents and application in cosmetic industry. The overall process, CSTR is used to react, and find the optimal case that has most production of 1,2-propanediol with fixed glycerol flow rate into the reactor is the goal in this part. Afterward a series of distillation columns is used to purify the product, and also finish the optimal design of each unit. Due to it is difficult to separate between 1,2-propanediol and ethylene glycol, extractive distillation is introduced to improve the economics of the process.