Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable feedstock on Earth, rich in polysaccharides and the phenolic polymer lignin. Valorization of renewable feedstocks delivers opportunities to improve the economics of advanced biofuels and high-value bioproducts. This chapter presents a general overview of lignocellulosic composition, presenting cellulose, hemicelluloses and their decorations, pectins, and lignin, and how the cell-wall polymers can be depolymerized into monomeric sugars. In addition, the fundamental knowledge and constraints on the biosynthesis of succinic acid (SA) and 3-hydroxypropionic acid by microbial platforms are integrated into industrial processing. Metabolic engineering of industrial strains can improve the productivity of SA and 3-hydroxypropionic acid and grow the biotransformation process toward biorefineries increasing the value derived from feedstocks.
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