Abstract

Chitosan is the second-most abundant natural biopolymer that possessed excellent nontoxic, antimicrobial, biocompatible and biodegradable properties. Mainly extracted in the form of chitin from crustaceans’ waste, squid, and oyster, chitosan has been widely studied for their applicability in the wastewater treatment field as good biosorbents, chelating agents and supports other nano-sized materials. In this chapter, modifications and fabrication of chitosan nanocomposites were discussed thoroughly. The application of chitosan nanocomposites in wastewater treatments, including removal of heavy metals, dyes, organic, and emerging contaminants were reviewed. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan nanocomposites was also included. Finally, certain uprising issues regarding the applicability of chitosan nanocomposites in the real world were postulated in order to give insights for future studies.

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