Abstract
The aim of targeted immobilization of biomolecules is to present the biomolecules on the biomaterial surface in the proper orientation while retaining their biological function. The immobilization of biomolecules on cardiovascular stents and graft has been carried out to enhance biocompatibility and endothelial cell attachment. There have been limited studies reported on exploring the various targeted immobilization strategies for the conjugation of biomolecules on vascular stents. The most common strategy to immobilize the biomolecules (e.g., antibodies, biopolymers, etc.) is by simple adsorption on the surface of the stent. However, recent studies on chemical conjugation have shown exciting results in developing hemocompatible materials with minimal adverse reactions. The most commonly used functional groups for targeted chemical conjugation strategies are amine and sulfydryl groups. In this chapter, recent reports on chemical conjugation of biomolecules and material surface are summarized and targeted chemical conjugation reaction mechanism has been discussed. The author has also highlighted the other efficient targeted chemical conjugation methods for the conjugation of biomolecules on polymeric and nonpolymeric surface.
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