Abstract

The radiation (ionizing) processing industry is large and encompasses commercial uses such as medical therapeutics, anticancer therapy and medical diagnostics as well as sterilization of pharmaceutical, medical devices, and medical supplies. It is used for everything from polymerization and processing of plastics and polymers, quality control of industrial components to detect cracks and other structural defects, to giving gemstones that ‘special sparkle’. Food irradiation, one small part of a very large radiation processing industry, is the process of exposing food to a field of ionizing radiation to inhibit sprouting and delay the ripening of fruits and vegetables, destroy microorganisms, parasites, viruses, or insects that might be present in the food. This chapter reviews the principles of the irradiation process and its advantages, its modes of application, and the theories about its mechanisms of inactivation of various organisms.

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