Abstract
An overview of large-scale and laboratory fire testing in tunnels is given. A dozen large-scale fire test programmes have been carried out to date. The focus has mainly been on the heat and smoke spread and how different ventilation systems influence these parameters but in later years also on Fixed Fire Fighting Systems (FFFS). In the analysis carried out here estimated HRRs are given. The analysis presented here show that the variation in the results is considerable and it is difficult to assume one value for each type of fuel. The combustion zone in large tunnel fires extends up to the tunnel ceiling and the highest ceiling temperatures are attained when optimal ventilation in the combustion area is maintained. The results show that the flame length tends to increase nearly linearly with the heat release rate.
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