1060-P: Associations of Dietary Patterns and Nutrients with Biomarkers of Inflammation in Adults with and without Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases than people without diabetes. Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis and diet has been known to modify inflammation. However, little is known about this association in T1D. Methods: We conducted a six-year longitudinal analysis of data from Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study [n=1255; T1D: n=563; non-DM: n=692] collected at baseline, year 3 and year 6. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire, a physical examination, and fasting (12h overnight fast) biochemical analyses. Biomarkers of inflammation and atherosclerosis [C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), homocysteine (hcy) and adiponectin] were determined in serum samples at three time points. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations of dietary patterns with inflammation in models adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risks. Results: In a multivariate model, increasing intake of carbohydrates and total fats were positively associated with CRP [β (95% CI): 0.013 (0.003, 0.023) and 0.025 (0.011, 0.039), respectively) and fibrinogen (0.007 (0.005, 0.010) and 0.010 (0.006, 0.014), respectively) when adjusted for age, sex, time, total calories, and diabetes status. Dietary fiber revealed an inverse association with CRP [-0.014 (-0.021, -0.007)], PAI-1 [-0.009 (-0.015, -0.003)], and hcy [-0.002 (-0.005, 0.000)], and a positive association with adiponectin [0.005 (0.000, 0.009)]. A dietary pattern characterized by ‘veggies, meats and alcohol’ was positively associated with adiponectin [0.022 (0.001, 0.043)]. Conclusions: Dietary carbohydrates and total fats were associated with biomarkers of inflammation and atherosclerosis, while fiber revealed protective associations in adults with and without T1D. Disclosure A. Basu: None. L. Chien: None. A. C. Alman: None. J. K. Snell-bergeon: Stock/Shareholder; Self; GlaxoSmithKline plc. Funding National Institutes of Health (R01HL61753)