Abstract
Background: Among the modifiable risk factors, diet plays an important role in the risks and progression of poor glycemic control in diabetes. However, few studies have examined this association in people who have type 1 diabetes (T1D), who are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases than people without diabetes. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of data from CACTI study [n=1257; T1D: n=568; nondiabetic controls: n=689] collected between March 2000 and April 2002. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire, a physical examination and fasting biochemical analyses (12h fast). At baseline, dietary patterns based on variations in food group intake were created with principal components analysis (PCA). Linear regression was used to examine associations of dietary patterns with HbA1c in a model adjusted for age and sex and stratified by diabetes status. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified using PCA as follows: ’fruits, veggies, meats, cereal’, ’baked desserts’ and ’convenience foods and alcohol’ patterns. At baseline, higher intake of ’baked dessert’ pattern was significantly associated with higher HbA1c in T1D (β±SE: 0.10±0.05, p=0.03), but not in nondiabetic controls (0.06±0.04, p=0.21) when adjusted for age, sex and baseline total calories, as well as diabetes duration for T1D. At year-6, baseline higher intake of ’baked dessert’ pattern tended to be associated with increasing HbA1c in T1D (β±SE: 0.11±0.06, p=0.06), but not in nondiabetic controls (0.01±0.04, p=0.68) when adjusted for the same covariates. Conclusions: Habitual intake of a dietary pattern that is characterized by an increased intake of added sugar and saturated fats, such as in baked desserts may increase risks of poor glycemic control in T1D. Disclosure A. Basu: None. A.C. Alman: None. J.K. Snell-Bergeon: Stock/Shareholder; Self; GlaxoSmithKline plc. Funding American Diabetes Association (7-13-CD-10 to J.K.S-B.)
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