10 - Monitoring and control of welding processes

Abstract

This chapter focuses on automated closed-loop systems, indirect control systems, and penetration control techniques for critical root beads. The range of control options for welding varies from the traditional open-loop manual systems based on welding procedures to complex closed-loop automated techniques. Improved monitoring techniques and a wide range of sensors make it possible to measure process performance in both manual and automated applications and should enable more consistent weld quality to be achieved. The application of the appropriate control approach should result in improved productivity and lower total cost. The application of all monitoring techniques and in particular computer-based systems is increasingly justified by economic and quality requirements. The sophisticated adaptive control systems should not, however, be used to compensate for avoidable deficiencies in joint preparation and component quality; this will often prove costly and ineffective.