Abstract
Today humanity faces a big challenge and that is water pollution and lack of water resources due to population growth and urbanization. Many approaches have been used for the water treatment and one of them is using the adsorbents. Adsorbents based on polymeric composite materials have exhibited an efficient sorption performance and could uptake different contaminants. Among adsorbents, three-dimentional materials with high porosity have gained attention and polyurethane (PU) sponges are placed in this category. They have lightweight, low cost, and porosity, but their surface needs to be modified for better performance in water remediation. In this chapter, a short introduction about well-known PU, its properties and applications are given. The importance of water remediation and surface modification of sponges is presented. Carbon-based materials are high performance adsorbents and a good choice for the increasing of adsorption ability of PU sponges, which are introduced here. Finally, recently obtained composites based on PU sponges and carbonaceous materials are introduced and their role in the water decontamination is examined.
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