Abstract
A hydrodynamic mechanism of movement of a micro/nanomotor with a dipole charge induced by an electro-catalytic reaction on its surface and the formation of charges in the surrounding liquid is proposed. For this, the dynamics of a dipole aggregate in a cloud of small oppositely charged particles in a viscous fluid surrounding it is simulated. Under the action of the field of the aggregate, the particles in the cloud are set in motion, which forms a flow in the surrounding fluid. In turn, the flow creates a hydrodynamic force that moves the aggregate. The hydrodynamic interaction of all particles in the cloud with each other and with the dipole aggregate is taken into account at their different distributions in the liquid around the dipole. The total charge of all small particles can be either equal to zero or have a non-zero value. The calculations carried out confirmed the possibility of the dipole unit to move in all the cases considered as a result of action of the hydrodynamic force created by the formed flow of the surrounding fluid. In this case, the speed and direction of dipole movement significantly depends both on the distribution of small particles in the surrounding liquid and on their total charge. As the result of asymmetry in the distribution of small charged particles in the surrounding fluid, dipole unit will move not only in longitudinal but also in transverse direction. This leads to the need to use some mechanism of controlling its movement. As such a mechanism the action of an external field can be used, orienting the dipole unit in a given direction of motion. It is proposed to use an external magnetic field for such control. In this case, the dipole aggregate must have a magnetic moment due to the presence of a magnetizable nucleus inside the particles.
Highlights
A hydrodynamic mechanism of movement of a micro/nanomotor with a dipole charge induced by an electro- catalytic reaction on its surface and the formation of charges in the surrounding liquid is proposed
The hydrodynamic interaction of all particles in the cloud with each other and with the dipole aggregate is taken into account at their different distributions in the liquid around the dipole
The calculations carried out confirmed the possibility of the dipole unit to move in all the cases considered as a result of action of the hydrodynamic force created by the formed flow of the surrounding fluid
Summary
Развитие современных технологий невозможно без использования последних достижений в области управления физическими процессами в микро- и наномасштабе. В случае симметричных потоков ионов на поверхности частицы получаем равенство концентраций ионов разного знака n1 = n2, что соответствует отсутствию суммарного объемного заряда в жидкости q = 0. К. напряженность поля диполя быстро убывает с увеличением расстояния от частицы, и концентрация заряженных частиц мала по сравнению с концентрацией нейтральных, тем не менее в случае равенства концентраций ионов H+ и OH− движение жидкости будет определяться движением последних. Что наличие таких сил меняет решение гидродинамической задачи даже в случае равенства нулю объемного заряда частиц в жидкости. Предположение, что ионы каждого знака представляют собой сплошную среду, приводит к тому, что в уравнении (2.2) результирующая суммы двух сил трения со стороны ионов разного знака при их одинаковой концентрации равна нулю, т. Который фактически используется в уравнении (2.3) для учета влияния заряженных частиц на гидродинамику жидкости вокруг дипольной частицы, впервые был предложен в работе [25]. Метод ее решения и результаты расчетов динамики дипольной частицы в облаке мелких заряженных частиц в окружающей диполь жидкости
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