Abstract
This chapter focuses on whole numbers and reviews the four basic operations on whole numbers, that is, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The whole numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and so on. A numeral is a symbol for a number. The symbol + is read plus and indicates addition. The symbol = means equals. The symbol - is read minus and indicates subtraction. The symbol × is called a times sign. It indicates multiplication. Multiplication, like addition, is associative and commutative. Just as multiplication of whole numbers is repeated addition, division is repeated subtraction. Division may result in a remainder. For instance, 7 ÷ 2 is 3. The answer is 3 with a remainder of 1. Addition and subtraction are opposite operations. Multiplication and division are opposite operations. Multiplication of whole numbers is a shortcut for repeated addition.
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