Abstract
Environmental issues have accelerated the growth of process intensification strategies aimed at improving the efficiency of existing processes through innovative integrations of unit operations. In this context, membrane technology has the potentiality to give a significant contribution. The pressure-driven membrane processes have been already used extensively in various industrial sectors. Furthermore, other membrane systems, namely, the membrane gas separation, membrane contactors, membrane reactors, and bioreactors, are arousing great interest due to the advantages they can offer as opposed to the competing technologies. This chapter discusses the distinctive features of the fundamental operations of the membrane engineering along with their limits and the current research activity on how to overcome them.
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