Abstract
This chapter approaches the context of the obesity problem in the Latin America (LA) region. The overweight and obesity problem in the LA region began in the 1980s and accelerated from the 2000s. Indeed, the increase in this problem is related to the economic gains caused by liberalisation and privatisation, the increase of foreign investment and infrastructure investment caused by structural and stabilisation programmes imposed on LA countries. Therefore, this liberalisation process positively changed market production; the aspects of employment, transportation, home production and leisure and the food systems through midstream and downstream processing and wholesale, retail and transportation methods. Therefore, these changes modernised procurement systems supply supermarkets, large processors and fast-food chains and the coevolution among these segments. As a result, urban and rural LA areas are experiencing a rapid and ubiquitous transformation.
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