Електронне, цифрове та smart-управління: сутність та співвідношення термінів

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific experience to substantiate the essence, meaning and correlation between concepts: “electronic administration”, “digital administration”, “smart administration”. There is a lack of a unique (common) scientific approach to the definition of these concepts, no legislative consolidation, but there is the voluntary interpretation in separate documents.Scientific researches of American (N.A.Krause, R.C.Thompson, S.D.Anggunia, P.Dunleavy, H.Margetts, S.Bastow, J.Tinkler, S.Brennen, D.Kreiss), German (H.Gimpel, M.Roglinger), Polish (A.M.Radu, Z.Polkowski), Portuguese (J.Reis, M.Amorim, N.Melao, P.Matos), Spanish (P.B.Anand, A.Palomo-Navarro, J.Navio-Marco), Czech (M.Pucek, F.Ochrana), Romanian (A.Matei, D.C.Iancu) scientists were analyzed. It is substantiated that different interpretation of terminology is primarily a result of incorrect translation of foreign language terms and their duplication (not adaptation) in the new Ukrainian definitions.The purpose of the article is to substantiate the essence, content and correlation of the “electronic administration”, “digital administration”, “smart administration” concepts.Main results. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the authors define the concepts of “electronic administration”, “digital administration”, “smart administration” and outlines their correlation with regard to the evolution of the (information and communication) technologies introduction into the public authorities’ activity.Electronic administration (e- administration) is a form of administration that provides the tools usage (electronic signature, document, consultations, etc.) for administration processes optimization and their transformation into form. In the context of our research we understand that e-governance is a basic stage of information and communication technologies usage in public administration processes (if not include the informatization process);Digital administration is a broader concept than administration. While defining “e-administration” we were talking about optimizing individual administration processes by transformation them into form, then administration – is the process of creating and using new, digital-by-default, interoperable, standardized information systems in public which allow not only to digitize and automate existing administration processes using tools, but also to identify certain “critical points” of the administration process, the relationship between them and a make administrative decision on their view. Thus, administration is a much more complex, accurate and detailed process than administration;Smart-administration is a form of administration processes construction, based on the usage of innovative smart-technologies for developing behavioral models of administration system functioning on the basis of accumulated empirical knowledge bases on administrative processes, decision-making and results of their implementation; characterized by a clear structure of administration processes; simplifying the process of administrative decision-making in standard conditions; efficiency and speed of internal and external communication processes; high levels of transparency in management and security.Thus, smart-administration is the next step of transformation of public administration system. However, the transition to such a administration system requires a high level of competence for public servants and the citizens.Conclusions. The digitalization of public administration is an important area of scientific research and practice activity, which requires a single interpretation and use of the conceptual apparatus. Today, the key problem in this area is borrowing foreign-language terminology with incorrect translation / interpretation.The article analyzes domestic and foreign scientific works on the nature, content and correlation of such concepts as: electronic administration, digital administration, smart-administration. The correlation between these concepts in terms of the evolution of the (information and communication) technologies introduction into public administration process is substantiated and the author's definitions are proposed.Further scientific researches should focus on exploring the concept of intellectual governance as the next evolutionary stage of transformation of public administration.