Abstract
본 연구는 공작나비의 생태를 확인하고, 실내 대량사육조건을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 공작나비의 국내분포및 생태를 확인하기 위하여 강원도 광덕산, 태백산, 해산 등 세 곳을 선정하여 조사하였으며, 결과 해산과 광덕산에서만 서식을 확인할 수 있었다. 해산에서는 월동개체의 활동시기인 4월 중순경에 4마리의 월동개체를 확인하였으며, 발생시기인 6월말과 7월초에 47개체를 확인하였다. 광덕산에서는 6월말에 4개체만 확인되었다. 공작나비의 실내인공사육조건을 구명하기 위해서 채집한 공작나비 암수 각각 15마리를 산란실에 넣고 산란을 유도하였다. 실험결과 11개의 난괴를 얻을 수 있었으며, 난괴당 알의 수는 평균 <TEX>$404.6{\pm}23.6$</TEX>개로 확인되었다. 이중 1개의 난괴를 공시하여 고온 장일(<TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>, 14L:10D)의 조건에서 인공사육을 실시하였다. 공시한 난괴의 알은 413개였으며, 6 ~ 8 일 사이에 모두 부화하여 부화하는데 평균 <TEX>$6.99{\pm}0.57$</TEX>일이 소요되었으며, 부화율은 92.3%였다. 고온장일조건 (<TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>, 14L:10D)에서의 애벌레의 발육기간은 <TEX>$18.3{\pm}1.0$</TEX>일이 소요되었다. 애벌레의 두폭을 측정한 결과 1령 <TEX>$0.37{\pm}0.01mm$</TEX>, 2령 <TEX>$0.66{\pm}0.02mm$</TEX>, 3령 <TEX>$1.07{\pm}0.05$</TEX>, 4령 <TEX>$1.81{\pm}0.07$</TEX>, 5령 <TEX>$2.76{\pm}0.08$</TEX>로 각각 나타났다. 사육한 애벌레중 64%가 정상적인 번데기가 되었고, 번데기 기간은 <TEX>$8.4{\pm}0.6$</TEX>일이었으며, 우화율은 87.5%로 나타났다. This study was conducted for investigation of habitat and development of indoor-rearing conditions of peacock butterfly, Inachis io (Linnaeus). Three different region, Mt. Kwangduk-san, Mt. Hae-san and Mt. Taebaek-san in Kangwon-do, was selected for investigation of domestic distribution and ecological environment of peacock butterfly. In result, there are many butterflies in the only two region, Mt. Kwangduk-san and Mt. Hae-san. On 16th April, 4 overwintered butterflies were observed in Mt. Hae-san. At the end of June and early in July, 51 individual next generation's butterflies were observed in Mt. Kwangduk-san and Mt. Hae-san. For development of indoor-rearing conditions, collected each 15 male and female peacock butterflies was reared in a room condition. Female butterflies laid eggs in the egg cluster on the underside of host-plant's leaves, Urtica angustifolia Fisch., in the ovipositioning room. We took 11 egg cluster with average <TEX>$404.6{\pm}23.6$</TEX> eggs. Hatchablity of eggs was 92.3%, and the eggs hatched within <TEX>$5.1{\pm}0.9$</TEX> days from the day of oviposition under high temperature, long day condition(<TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>, 14L:10D). The larval period was <TEX>$18.3{\pm}1.0$</TEX> days under high temperature, long day condition(<TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>, 14L:10D), showing 81.0% pupal ratio. The head width of each developmental larval stage were <TEX>$0.37{\pm}0.01mm$</TEX>(1st instar), <TEX>$0.66{\pm}0.02mm$</TEX>(2nd instar), <TEX>$1.07{\pm}0.05mm$</TEX>(3rd instar), <TEX>$1.81{\pm}0.07$</TEX>(4th instar), <TEX>$2.76{\pm}0.08$</TEX>(5th instar). The pupal period was <TEX>$8.4{\pm}0.6$</TEX> days, and the emergence rate was 87.5%.
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