쥬디스 버틀러(Judith Butler)의 ‘젠더 수행성’과 ‘취약성’ 그리고 그 신학적 적용

Abstract

According to modern gender studies, sexuality is something we are born with and gender is educated and socially constructed. For Judith Butler, however, sexuality is not something already completed nor something born with. Judith Butler argues that ‘sexuality’ is also already gender. Sexuality is not naturally we are born with. it is socially constructed. According to Butler, there is no independent and naturally born subjectivity previous to her(his) action and performance. Butler calls this ‘gender performativity.’BR This article will examine Butler’s gender genealogy and it‘s application to ‘gender studies, and psychology of Jacques Lacan. After the argument about Butler’s deconstruction of ‘sexuality and gender’ I will apply them to theological discussions. The theological arguments are composed as three: one is how we understand the image of God not as the subject of Western hetero male but as that of all kinds of human beings. Second aspect is about how church educate women church members as fixed gender roles such as ‘mother’ and sustainer of family. Butler explains that what women are supposed to be and to act is decided by social and legal authority. Likewise, church and theology can be functioning as a legal and lawful authority. Third theological argument is ‘theology of the vulnerability and apophasis.’ According to Butler’s gender performativity, I insist that theological doctrine should not be limited to single human subjectivity such as western male. In here I will argue how much theological definition of human being and women can be widened.