ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ КУЛЬТУРАЛЬНЫХ ФИЛЬТРАТОВ В СЕЛЕКЦИИ ЛЬНА IN VITRO НА УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ К АНТРАКНОЗУ

Abstract

The research was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of selection technologies of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Fiber Crops” (Tver region) in 2018–2020. The aim of the research is in vitro development of new flax genotypes resistant to anthracnose, one of the most harmful fungal diseases. As a result of the research, the composition of the cultural filtrate of the anthracnose causative agent was clarified. It was revealed that toxicity of the cultural filtrates did not depend on the virulence of the strains used in the present studies, the cultural filtrates of strains 784 (highly virulent) and 780 (medium virulent) turned out to be more toxic (decay and death of radicle was observed on the 5th day in 67 - 88% of germinated seeds), less toxic are strains 793 (highly virulent) and 788 (weakly virulent) (decay and death of radicle was observed on the 5th day in 9-15% of germinated seeds). It was found that morphogenic foci were formed more actively in genotypes the morphogenic callus of which was transferred to a medium with a higher concentration of the cultural filtrate; it was shown that in the second passage, when transferring morphogenic calli from a selective medium, which contains 40 ml / L of cultural filtrate on a selective medium also containing 40 ml / L of cultural filtrate, as well as on a selective medium containing 44 ml / L of cultural filtrate, the number of formed morphogenic calli and green buds on the 14th day is significantly higher than in case of transferring on a selective medium containing 36 ml / L of cultural filtrate. Viable regenerant plants were obtained and genotypes were isolated, which retained resistance to anthracnose for three generations at a level of 50 - 60%: NO-78 x Lenok, NL-103-2 x Lenok, NL-40-1 x Lenok, NE-38 x Rosinka, NE-36 x Lenok, NE-17 x Lenok, NE-16-2 x Rosinka.