Особливості зміни вмісту важких металів у зерні сортів ячменю ярого (Hordeum sativum) різного використання залежно від тривалості зберігання

Abstract

Purpose. Investigate the content of heavy metals in spring barley varieties for different applications depending on the duration of grain storage. Methods. Laboratory, analytical, statistical. Results. It was found that the studied varieties, regardless of the application had an individual accumulation of heavy metals. Grain varieties have an inverse relationship with the intensity of lead concentration in the grain of spring barley: the longer the storage, the lower its content in the grain. The accumulation of heavy metals of mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in the grain of spring barley varieties of grain use allows us to note that with increasing storage, their content decreases. It was found that the accumulation of heavy metals copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the grain of spring barley for grain increases as affected by the storage period. There was a decrease in zinc content after a month of storage and depending on varietal characteristics. A slight increase, in the varieties of the brewery application was found after three and six months of grain storage. When analyzing the data, it can be noted that after nine months and a year of storage, there was an increase in the copper content, but to the maximum permitted level. Conclusions. Varieties of spring barley, regardless of the application, had an individual accumulation of heavy metals. Varieties ‘Stalker’ and ‘Ahrarii’ are sensitive to lead: the content of this element immediately after threshing was 1.08 mg/kg and 1.12 mg/kg. A month later, these figures were 0.73 mg/kg and 1.02 mg/kg. Storage of spring barley grain for 9 and 12 months shows that the accumulation of cadmium has increased compared to the indicators obtained immediately after threshing. Thus, in the varieties ‘Stalker’ this figure was 0.09 mg/kg, and in ‘Ahrarii’ 0.13 and 0.014 mg/kg. The most sensitive to the accumulation of copper (Cu) immediately after threshing were varieties ‘Ahrarii’ with 3.00 mg/kg and ‘Vzirets’ with 2.56 mg/kg, and the lowest content had varieties ‘Shchedryk’ with 2.27 mg/kg and ‘Stalker’ with 2.31 mg/kg. ‘Enei’ variety of universal application was characterizing by a lower content of heavy metals in comparison with grain varieties. In spring malting barley, depending on the duration of grain storage, it was found that as in previous grain and universal application, the content of heavy metals accumulates differently depending on the varietal characteristics.