Применение мирового опыта EPCМ-контрактов в России

Abstract

Nowadays the most common type of contracts for the implementation of large infrastructure projects in various fields are EPC/EPCM contracts (engineering, procurement, construction, management). However, these are new tools for domestic practice. The EPCM contract is of particular interest to Russian contractors. Among the obvious advantages, among which we can highlight the complexity of the solution provided for the customer, leveling risks in the case of using an EPC contract, the absence of the need to search and work with many subcontractors, the authors can note the usefulness of such a form of interaction for increasing foreign investment, modernizing the domestic economy: increasing exports of high-tech products and the presence of Russian enterprises in foreign markets. The purpose of the presented research is to identify the problems that cause the backlog of Russian engineering companies in the implementation of infrastructure EPCM projects in the high-tech industry, and to develop ways to solve them. The object of the research is Russian enterprises of the high-tech industry; the aim is to identify the possibilities of EPCM contracts and their application in the framework of the implementation of high–tech projects by Russian contractors. When conducting the research, the authors used the following research methods: a complex approach, a systematic and logical analysis of economic phenomena, a method of comparative analysis. The authors grouped the factors that complicate the signing of EPCM contracts by Russian contractors, identified the risks of implementing such projects. The key directions for the elimination of problems associated with the implementation of infrastructure projects in Russia are highlighted. In a comparative analysis of the Russian and international practices of concluding EPCM contracts, it is possible to identify significant differences in the approaches to order fulfillment and the distribution of responsibility of the parties. The key factor of such a difference is the Russian model of self-regulation of engineering. The authors believe that in the Russian legislation it is necessary to coordinate structural changes in approaches to the conclusion of such contracts, approve a clear list of obligations of the parties under the EPCM form contract and approve the absence of the possibility of making key changes to the contract, including those related to the purpose and scope of work performed.