СЕТЕВОЕ ПОЗИЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ 5G И ВЕРОЯТНОСТНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ ОЦЕНКИ ЕГО ТОЧНОСТИ

Abstract

The relevance of issues of network positioning in general, and methods of assessing accuracy in particular, is due to the fact that technologies for location estimation by means of infrastructure of deployed and projected mobile radio communication networks have received a new impetus for development. This is due to a number of objective factors in recent years, which are the result of ongoing evolution at the next stage of the transition to 5G networks. If in the networks of previous generations 2G-4G geolocation was an optional service, which developed mainly according to the requirements of emergency services and law enforcement, as well as in scenarios when signals from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) were unavailable, then for a promising 5G digital ecosystem, network positioning can rightfully be stated as a separate area of research and development. The arguments for this statement are at least two circumstances. First, in recent years, a wide range of geoinformation services has been developed, which are impossible and / or inappropriate to solve exclusively by GNSS systems. It is also indicative that in the latest specifications of the 3GPP partner project, among others, there were explicit requirements for the accuracy and availability of network positioning services, as well as a description of all possible geolocation scenarios with an accuracy of one meter. Secondly, the analysis of foreign sources in recent years has shown that the so-called concept of communication organization based on LAC (Location Aware Communication) positioning data has been developed, according to which location awareness can be used at different levels of the OSI model for improving the efficiency of building and operating radio stations as part of ultra-dense 5G radio access networks. In this paper, positioning scenarios in 5G networks are systematized, as well as probabilistic models and methods for assessing the accuracy of geolocation in relation to the problems of location estimation in 5G networks. In the first part of this paper, scenarios of network positioning for the 5G ecosystem are presented, in particular: specifics of organizing radio communications based on location data are presented; the development trends of positioning technologies in 5G networks are formulated; analyzes 3GPP requirements for positioning in 5G networks. In the second part of this work, the results of the development and software implementation of tools for probabilistic assessment and visualization of positioning accuracy along the scattering ellipse are presented.