Універсальне і національне у творчості українських художників-новаторів у 20–30-х рр. ХХ ст.

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate the importance of national content in the works of Ukrainian Soviet innovator artists in the interwar period and to determine its influence on the formation of the style of the most notable artists of the time. Th e research methods: achieving the goals and objectives of the study was based on the general scientifi c and specifi chistorical methods of the scientifi c research. Among them, the leading one is the application of the method of analysis and synthesis, which made it possible to fi nd out the general features of the progress of the fi ne arts of Soviet Ukraine in the outlined period based on the study of individual components. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in the comprehensive coverage of the issue of the appeal of Ukrainian artists-innovators to national and universal motives and the creation of a holistic picture of the development of fi ne arts in Soviet Ukraine in the 20-30s of the twentieth century. Conclusions. In the early twentieth century, fi ne arts in Ukraine developed in the context of European cultural progress. Th e catalyst for its development was the Ukrainian Democratic Revolution of 1917–1921, which led many painters to turn to folk art traditions and national motifs. As we can see, success and recognition were achieved by those artists who turned to the national in their work, because it contains universal categories, understandable both in Ukraine and abroad. However, the artistic space of Ukrainian Soviet painting in the interwar period came under strong pressure from the «dictatorship of the proletariat». It was especially felt by modernist artists, representatives of new artistic trends and styles, which did not fi t into the so-called «Socialist realism». This disrupted the objective process of historical and cultural progress inherent in European art in Ukraine and slowed down its development for a long time.