ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПЕРЕЗИМОВКИ СТОЛОВЫХ СОРТОВ ВИНОГРАДА В НЕУКРЫВНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ ПОСЛЕ ЗИМЫ 2020/2021

Abstract

Following the winter of 2020/2021, an assess-ment was made of the overwintering of fifty-one table grapes varieties grown in non-covered culture in Novocherkassk, Rostov Region, in the vineyards of All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking– Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «FRARC». In the varietal study was used the method of M.A. Lazarevsky, and generally ac-cepted in viticulture and standard technology of cultivation of plantings. Vineyards not irri-gated, grafted, planting scheme 3 × 1.5 m, root-stock Kober 5BB, the formation was the stand-ard fan type on low trunk, the planting scheme was 3 × 1.5 m. The minimum winter tempera-ture of –20.7° C was recorded on January 21, 2021, however, winter conditions were preced-ed by atypical phenomena, namely water stress: air and soil drought, complete absence of pre-cipitation in September, dust storms in October. The best resistance to winter conditions (practi-cally without damage to the buds) was shown by the Victoria variety bred by All-Russian Re-search Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking and Vineland 68042 variety bred by Canada. Varieties of Vitis interspecific cross Vostorg krasny, Novy Podarok Zaporozhye, Aladdin, Baklanovsky (control) had minor damage to the buds. Varieties of V. vinifera had almost no open buds (6,1 ‒9,5 %). Damage to bushes dur-ing winter conditions was noted on shoots that were above the snow line. Parts of plants cov-ered with snow were not significantly damaged even in non-winter hardy varieties. The study of agrobiological characteristics and the yield of damaged bushes indicates the necessity of winter covering for those varieties, that have the percentage of blossomed buds less than six-ty.