ВЫЯВЛЯЕМОСТЬ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ДИСПАНСЕРИЗАЦИИ ВЗРОСЛОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ В 2016-2019 ГОДАХ

Abstract

Significance. One of the main tasks of medical examination of certain groups of the adult population is to identify chronic non-communicable diseases, including cancer, at early stages. The article presents data on the number of adults undergone the first stage of medical examination of certain groups of the adult population, information on newly detected neoplasms, including malignant ones, registered during medical examination in the Russian Federation, the Northwestern Federal District and its constituent entities in 2016-2019. Contribution of the adult medical examination to the detection of malignant neoplasms and neoplasms in situ in the subjects under study has been determined. Purpose: to analyze dynamics in the coverage of certain groups of the adult population with medical examination and the number of newly detected neoplasms, malignant neoplasms and in situ during medical examination, including at stage I and II in the subjects of the Northwestern Federal District. To evaluate contribution of medical examination of the adult population to the detection of malignant neoplasms and neoplasms in situ in the subjects under study. Material and methods. The analysis used data from federal and industry statistical reporting forms: «Information on malignant neoplasms» № 7 and «Information on the medical examination of certain groups of the adult population» № 131/o. For the content analysis of literary sources and normative legal acts, the method of dynamic series analysis and the Kendall rank correlation method were used. Results. In 2016-2019, the average annual increase in the number of adults undergone the first stage of medical examination in the Northwestern Federal District was significantly higher compared to the Russian Federation (15.8 and 4.8%, respectively). Among the top ten different classes of diseases detected during medical examination of certain groups of the adult population, neoplasms rank 10th. The average annual increase in the number of neoplasms, malignant neoplasms and in situ, as well as stages I-II detected during medical examination in the Northwestern Federal District is higher than in Russia. Implementation of the plan for the medical examination coverage is not a significant factor in primary detection of neoplasms. The contribution of medical examination to early detection of malignant neoplasms and neoplasms in situ in Russia and the Northwestern Federal District in general increased and equaled to 5.8 and 6.4% in 2019, respectively. Conclusions. Results of the analysis of medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in the Northwestern Federal District and its constituent entities require a more detailed analysis of its organization at the regional level in order to develop measures aimed at improving effectiveness of cancer screening and early stage detection.